Recall / multiple media / sexuality
Measures exposure to sexualizing music entertainment television and magazines
The way in which Media Exposure is measured (e.g., exposure, recall or recognition)
The way in which the answers of the respondents were administrated, for example self-report, other-report or registration.
The medium or media towards which exposure was measured. This can be more than one medium.
The research area in which the measurement has taken place. For instance, political, entertainment, advertising, health, sex or general. A research can belong to more than one research area.
Measures exposure to sexualizing music entertainment television and magazines
Measures both the frequency and content of adolescents' media exposure regardless of media channel. The scale includes 17 items that assess exposure to antisocial (8 items) and neutral (9 items) media content.
The Content-based Media Exposure (C-ME) Scale includes 12 items that measure the extent to which one exposes him-/herself to antisocial or risk behavior media content, and 10 items that measure exposure to pro-social media content. The C-ME measures both the frequency and the content of adolescents’ and young adults’ media exposure, regardless of how the media is consumed (e.g., via TV, Internet, DVD, games).
Measures sexual media exposure in adolescence with 5 seperate questions. Youth were placed into 1 of 3 categories: (1) Almost none / No exposure to sexual material in any medium. (2) Some exposure to sexual material in at least 1 medium. (3) Many or almost all / all exposure to sexual material in at least 1 medium.
Measures exposure to sexual content on television. Teens indicated how frequenctly they watched each of 23 programs during the previous television season. The selections included programs appearing on broadcast networks and basic and premium cable channels and encompassed animated and live-action shows, reality shows, sitcoms, and dramas.
Measures genre-specific media use, including the following programming types that are popular among young adults, and are likely to contain messages about sexuality: prime-time comedies, prime-time dramas, soap operas, music videos, and daytime talk shows.
Measures frequency of viewing music videos. The measure consists of five questions that examine the number of hours students watch music videos during the week (morning, afternoon and evening), on Saturday and on Sunday.
Indication of the number of movies they watched in theaters on cable television or rentals in a typical month.
Television viewing was assessed via six questions that asked participants to indicate the number of hours they watch TV (any channel) on an average weekday morning, afternoon, evening and late night, on Saturday and on Sunday. These six questions data were summed to create a measure of weekly television viewing hours, which was converted to monthly hours to be more consistent with the other measures.